The Alhambra - Legend of Don Munio Sancho de Hinojosa.
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- Written by Washington Irving
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Legend of Don Munio Sancho de Hinojosa.
IN THE cloisters of the ancient Benedictine convent of San Domingo, at Silos, in Castile, are the mouldering yet magnificent monuments of the once powerful and chivalrous family of Hinojosa. Among these reclines the marble figure of a knight, in complete armor, with the hands pressed together, as if in prayer. On one side of his tomb is sculptured in relief a band of Christian cavaliers, capturing a cavalcade of male and female Moors {moor [mʊəʳ] páramo, moro, (Náut) amarrar} ; on the other side, the same cavaliers are represented kneeling before an altar. The tomb, like most of the neighboring monuments, is almost in ruins, and the sculpture is nearly unintelligible, excepting to the keen {keen [kɪ:n] afilado, (inteligencia) agudo, (competencia) fuerte, (interés) profundo, entusiasta, to be ~ on sthg, ser aficionado a algo, to be ~ to do sthg, estar deseando hacer algo} eye of the antiquary. The story connected with the sepulchre, however, is still {still [stɪl] todavía, aún aun así, con todo, sin embargo, tranquilo, silencioso, inmóvil, sin gas, fotograma, alambique, acallar} preserved in the old Spanish chronicles, and is to the following purport {purport [pə'pɔ:t] dar a entender, aparentar} :
IN old times, several hundred years ago, there was a noble Castilian cavalier, named Don Munio Sancho de Hinojosa, lord of a border castle, which had stood the brunt {brunt [brʌnt] to b e a r -- take the ~ of sthg, sufrir (lo peor de) algo} of many a Moorish foray {foray ['fɔ:reɪ] (Mil) incursión} . He had seventy horsemen as his household troops, all of the ancient Castilian proof; stark {stark [stɑ:k] (casa, decorado) austero, (paisaje) inhóspito, (realidad) duro, crudo} warriors, hard riders, and men of iron; with these he scoured {scour [skaʊəʳ] fregar, restregar, (una zona) rastrear, peinar, un (un periódico) l e e r detenidamente} the Moorish lands, and made his name terrible throughout {throughout [ɵrʊ:'aʊt] (en el tiempo) durante todo, (en el espacio) por|en todo, (en el tiempo) desde el principo hasta el fin, (en el espacio) totalmente, en|por todas partes} the borders. His castle hall was covered with banners, cimeters, and Moslem helms, the trophies of his prowess. Don Munio was, moreover {moreover [mɔ:'rəʊvəʳ] además} , a keen {keen [kɪ:n] afilado, (inteligencia) agudo, (competencia) fuerte, (interés) profundo, entusiasta, to be ~ on sthg, ser aficionado a algo, to be ~ to do sthg, estar deseando hacer algo} huntsman, and rejoiced in hounds {hound [haʊnd] perro de caza, acosar} of all kinds, steeds for the chase, and hawks for the towering sport of falconry. When not engaged {engage [ɪn'geɪdʒ] (dar empleo) contratar, (la atención) llamar, (marcha) meter, (una conversación) entablar} in warfare, his delight was to beat up the neighboring forests; and scarcely {scarce [skeəs] escaso, to be ~, escasear, (fig) to make oneself ~, esfumarse; ~y ['skeəslɪ] apenas} ever did he ride forth, without hound {hound [haʊnd] perro de caza, acosar} and horn, a boar--spear in his hand, or a hawk upon his fist, and an attendant train of huntsmen.
His wife, Dona Maria Palacin, was of a gentle and timid nature, little fitted to be the spouse of so hardy and adventurous a knight; and many a tear {tear [tɪəʳ] lágrima, [teəʳ] romper, rasgar, arrancar, dividir, rajarse, rasgón, desgarrón} did the poor lady shed {shed [ʃed] barraca, cabaña, garden shed, cobertizo, cattle shed, establo, nave, despojarse de, perder, derramar, verter, (la luz) emitir} , when he sallied forth upon his daring enterprises, and many a prayer did she offer up for his safety.
As this doughty cavalier was one day hunting, he stationed himself in a thicket, on the borders of a green glade {glade [gleɪd] bosque claro} of the forest, and dispersed his followers to rouse the game, and drive it toward his stand. He had not been here long, when a cavalcade of Moors {moor [mʊəʳ] páramo, moro, (Náut) amarrar} , of both sexes, came prankling over the forest lawn. They were unarmed, and magnificently dressed in robes of tissue and embroidery, rich shawls of India, bracelets and anklets of gold, and jewels that sparkled in the sun.
At the head of this gay cavalcade rode a youthful cavalier, superior to the rest in dignity and loftiness of demeanor {demeanor [dɪ'mi:nər] comportamiento, conducta, porte} , and in splendor of attire {attire [ə'taɪəʳ] atuendo, ropa} ; beside him was a damsel, whose veil, blown aside by the breeze, displayed a face {face [feɪs] cara, rostro, fachada, (de un reloj) esfera, dignidad, mirar hacia, afrontar, (orientación) dar a, estar enfrente de, frente a} of surpassing beauty, and eyes cast {cast [kɑ:st] molde, (Med) escayola, (Teat) reparto, elenco, (el ancla, la culpa, red, un hechizo) echar, (una piedra) arrojar, tirar, (una sombra) proyectar, (una mirada) lanzar, (el voto) emitir, (el metal) moldear} down in maiden modesty, yet beaming {beam [bɪ:m] (de luz) rayo, barra fija, brillar, sonreír, transmitir} with tenderness and joy.
Don Munio thanked his stars for sending him such a prize, and exulted at the thought of bearing {bear [beəʳ] portar, llevar, tener, llevar aguantar, tolerar, ~ing ['beərɪɳ] relación, (aspecto, prestancia) porte, (Náut pl)) marcación, to get one's ~, orientarse} home to his wife the glittering {glitter ['glɪtəʳ] brillo, oropel, relucir} spoils of these infidels. Putting his hunting horn to his lips, he gave a blast that rung {rung [rʌɳ] escalón, peldaño} through the forest. His huntsmen came running from all quarters, and the astonished {astonish [ə'stɒnɪʃ] asombrar, pasmar} Moors {moor [mʊəʳ] páramo, moro, (Náut) amarrar} were surrounded and made captives.
The beautiful Moor {moor [mʊəʳ] páramo, moro, (Náut) amarrar} wrung {wring [rɪɳ] (las manos) retorcer, (la ropa) escurrir} her hands in despair, and her female attendants uttered {utter ['ʌtəʳ] pronunciar, (un grito, una amenaza) dar, lanzar, total, completo} the most piercing cries. The young Moorish cavalier alone retained {retain [rɪ'teɪn] retener, conservar, mantener, quedarse con, guardar} self--possession. He inquired the name of the Christian knight, who commanded this troop of horsemen. When told that it was Don Munio Sancho de Hinojosa, his countenance {countenance ['kaʊntɪnəns] semblante, rostro, aprobar, tolerar} lighted up. Approaching {approach [ə'prəʊtʃ] acercamiento, acceso, enfoque, propuesta, acercarse, abordar, dirigirse a} that cavalier, and kissing his hand, "Don Munio Sancho," said he, "I have heard of your fame as a true and valiant knight, terrible in arms, but schooled in the noble virtues of chivalry {chivalry ['ʃɪvəlrɪ] caballerosidad} . Such do I trust to find you. In me you behold {behold [bɪ'həʊld] (liter) contemplar} Abadil, son of a Moorish alcayde. I am on the way to celebrate my nuptials with this lady; chance has thrown us in your power, but I confide in your magnanimity. Take all our treasure and jewels; demand what ransom you think proper for our persons, but suffer us not to be insulted nor dishonored."
When the good knight heard this appeal {appeal [ə'pɪ:l] llamamiento, solicitud, súplica, atractivo, apelación, pedir, rogar, suplicar, atraer, interesar, apelar, recurrir} , and beheld {behold [bɪ'həʊld] (liter) contemplar} the beauty of the youthful pair, his heart was touched with tenderness and courtesy. "God forbid," said he, "that I should disturb such happy nuptials. My prisoners in troth shall ye be, for fifteen days, and immured within my castle, where I claim, as conqueror, the right of celebrating your espousals."
So saying, he dispatched one of his fleetest horsemen in advance, to notify Dona Maria Palacin of the coming of this bridal party; while he and his huntsmen escorted the cavalcade, not as captors, but as a guard of honor. As they drew {draw [dru:] dibujar, trazar, tirar de, (cortinas), abrir, descorrer, correr, persianas) bajar, (la atención) llamar, (un arma, una conclusión, confesión, fuerza, un diente, dinero del banco, etc) sacar, (un talón) librar, (un sueldo) cobrar, (comparación) hacer, empatar, empate, (exposición, espectáculo) atracción} near to the castle, the banners were hung out, and the trumpets sounded {sound [saʊnd] sonido, ruido, (Geo) estrecho, sonda, (una construcción) sólido, (de la salud) sano, (una persona) responsable(un argumento) sensato, (una victoria) contundente, sonar, resonar, (una alarma, un claxon, etc) tocar, hacer sonar, (un sonido) pronunciar, (Med Náut fig) sondar} from the battlements; and on their nearer approach {approach [ə'prəʊtʃ] acercamiento, acceso, enfoque, propuesta, acercarse, abordar, dirigirse a} , the draw {draw [drɔ:] dibujar, trazar, tirar de, (cortinas), abrir, descorrer, correr, persianas) bajar, (la atención) llamar, (un arma, una conclusión, confesión, fuerza, un diente, dinero del banco, etc) sacar, (un talón) librar, (un sueldo) cobrar, (comparación) hacer, empatar, empate, (exposición, espectáculo) atracción} --bridge was lowered, and Dona Maria came forth to meet them, attended by her ladies and knights, her pages and her minstrels. She took the young bride, Allifra, in her arms, kissed her with the tenderness of a sister, and conducted her into the castle. In the mean time, Don Munio sent forth missives in every direction, and had viands and dainties of all kinds collected from the country round; and the wedding of the Moorish lovers was celebrated with all possible state and festivity. For fifteen days, the castle was given up to joy and revelry {revelry ['revəlrɪ] jarana, jolgorio} . There were tiltings and jousts at the ring, and bull--fights, and banquets, and dances to the sound {sound [saʊnd] sonido, ruido, (Geo) estrecho, sonda, (una construcción) sólido, (de la salud) sano, (una persona) responsable(un argumento) sensato, (una victoria) contundente, sonar, resonar, (una alarma, un claxon, etc) tocar, hacer sonar, (un sonido) pronunciar, (Med Náut fig) sondar} of minstrelsy. When the fifteen days were at an end, he made the bride and bridegroom magnificent presents, and conducted them and their attendants safely beyond the borders. Such, in old times, were the courtesy and generosity of a Spanish cavalier.
Several years after this event, the king of Castile summoned {summon ['sʌmən] convocar, pedir, citar, ~s ['sʌmənz] llamada, llamamiento, citación judicial, citar} his nobles to assist him in a campaign against the Moors {moor [mʊəʳ] páramo, moro, (Náut) amarrar} . Don Munio Sancho was among the first to answer to the call, with seventy horsemen, all stanch and well--tried warriors. His wife, Dona Maria hung about his neck. "Alas, my lord!" exclaimed she, "how often wilt thou tempt thy fate, and when will thy thirst for glory be appeased {appease [ə'pɪ:z] apaciguar, aplacar} !"
"One battle more," replied Don Munio, "one battle more, for the honor of Castile, and I here make a vow {vow [vaʊ] voto, jurar} , that when this is over, I will lay by my sword, and repair {repair [rɪ'peəʳ] arreglar, reparar, arreglo, reparación} with my cavaliers in pilgrimage to the sepulchre of our Lord at Jerusalem." The cavaliers all joined with him in the vow {vow [vaʊ] voto, jurar} , and Dona Maria felt in some degree soothed {soothe [sʊ:ð] tranquilizar, aliviar, ~thing ['sʊ:ðɪɳ] tranquilizador, calmante} in spirit; still {still [stɪl] todavía, aún aun así, con todo, sin embargo, tranquilo, silencioso, inmóvil, sin gas, fotograma, alambique, acallar} , she saw with a heavy heart the departure of her husband, and watched his banner with wistful {wistful ['wɪstfʊl] melancólico, nostálgico} eyes, until it disappeared among the trees of the forest.
The king of Castile led his army to the plains of Salmanara, where they encountered the Moorish host, near to Ucles. The battle was long and bloody; the Christians repeatedly wavered, and were as often rallied {rally ['rælɪ] (Pol) reunión, mitin, peloteo, (apoyo) conseguir, (grupo) reunir, (enfermo, economía, etc) recuperarse} by the energy of their commanders. Don Munio was covered with wounds, but refused to leave the field. The Christians at length gave way, and the king was hardly pressed, and in danger of being captured.
Don Munio called upon his cavaliers to follow him to the rescue. "Now is the time," cried he, "to prove your loyalty. Fall to, like brave {brave [breɪv] valiente, desafiar} men! We fight for the true faith {faith [feɪɵ] confianza, fe} , and if we lose our lives here, we gain a better life hereafter."
Rushing {rush [rʌʃ] junco, prisa, apuro, to be in a rush, tener prisa,, torrente, ráfaga, apresurar, hacer a todo correr, llevar urgentemente, enviar rápidamente, asaltar, precipitarse, urgente} with his men between the king and his pursuers, they checked the latter in their career, and gave time for their monarch to escape; but they fell {fell [fel] (árbol) talar, (persona) derribar} victims to their loyalty. They all fought to the last gasp {gasp [gɑ:sp] (de asombro) grito sofocado, bocanada, quedar boquiabierto, jadear} . Don Munio was singled out by a powerful Moorish knight, but having been wounded in the right arm, he fought to disadvantage, and was slain {slay ['sleɪ] matar, asesinar} . The battle being over, the Moor {moor [mʊəʳ] páramo, moro, (Náut) amarrar} paused to possess himself of the spoils of this redoubtable Christian warrior. When he unlaced the helmet, however, and beheld {behold [bɪ'həʊld] (liter) contemplar} the countenance {countenance ['kaʊntɪnəns] semblante, rostro, aprobar, tolerar} of Don Munio, he gave a great cry, and smote {smite smaɪt (liter or arc) golpear} his breast. "Woe is me!" cried he, "I have slain {slay ['sleɪ] matar, asesinar} my benefactor! The flower of knightly virtue! the most magnanimous of cavaliers!"
While the battle had been raging on the plain of Salmanara, Dona Maria Palacin remained in her castle, a prey to the keenest anxiety. Her eyes were ever fixed on the road that led from the country of the Moors {moor [mʊəʳ] páramo, moro, (Náut) amarrar} , and often she asked the watchman of the tower, "What seest thou?"
One evening, at the shadowy hour of twilight {twilight ['twaɪlaɪt] crepúsculo} , the warden {warden ['wɔ:dən] (de una residencia) guardián, (de una cárcel) alcaide} sounded {sound [saʊnd] sonido, ruido, (Geo) estrecho, sonda, (una construcción) sólido, (de la salud) sano, (una persona) responsable(un argumento) sensato, (una victoria) contundente, sonar, resonar, (una alarma, un claxon, etc) tocar, hacer sonar, (un sonido) pronunciar, (Med Náut fig) sondar} his horn. "I see," cried he, "a numerous train winding {winding ['waɪndɪɳ] sinuoso, serpenteante} up the valley. There are mingled {mingle ['mɪɳgəl] mezclarse} Moors {moor [mʊəʳ] páramo, moro, (Náut) amarrar} and Christians. The banner of my lord is in the advance. Joyful tidings!" exclaimed the old seneschal: "my lord returns in triumph, and brings captives!" Then the castle courts rang with shouts of joy; and the standard was displayed, and the trumpets were sounded {sound [saʊnd] sonido, ruido, (Geo) estrecho, sonda, (una construcción) sólido, (de la salud) sano, (una persona) responsable(un argumento) sensato, (una victoria) contundente, sonar, resonar, (una alarma, un claxon, etc) tocar, hacer sonar, (un sonido) pronunciar, (Med Náut fig) sondar} , and the draw {draw [drɔ:] dibujar, trazar, tirar de, (cortinas), abrir, descorrer, correr, persianas) bajar, (la atención) llamar, (un arma, una conclusión, confesión, fuerza, un diente, dinero del banco, etc) sacar, (un talón) librar, (un sueldo) cobrar, (comparación) hacer, empatar, empate, (exposición, espectáculo) atracción} --bridge was lowered, and Dona Maria went forth with her ladies, and her knights, and her pages, and her minstrels, to welcome her lord from the wars. But as the train drew {draw [dru:] dibujar, trazar, tirar de, (cortinas), abrir, descorrer, correr, persianas) bajar, (la atención) llamar, (un arma, una conclusión, confesión, fuerza, un diente, dinero del banco, etc) sacar, (un talón) librar, (un sueldo) cobrar, (comparación) hacer, empatar, empate, (exposición, espectáculo) atracción} nigh, she beheld {behold [bɪ'həʊld] (liter) contemplar} a sumptuous bier, covered with black velvet, and on it lay a warrior, as if taking his repose: he lay in his armor, with his helmet on his head, and his sword in his hand, as one who had never been conquered, and around the bier were the escutcheons of the house of Hinojosa.
A number of Moorish cavaliers attended the bier, with emblems of mourning, and with dejected {dejected [dɪ'dʒektɪd] desalentado, abatido} countenances {countenance ['kaʊntɪnəns] semblante, rostro, aprobar, tolerar} ; and their leader cast {cast [kɑ:st] molde, (Med) escayola, (Teat) reparto, elenco, (el ancla, la culpa, red, un hechizo) echar, (una piedra) arrojar, tirar, (una sombra) proyectar, (una mirada) lanzar, (el voto) emitir, (el metal) moldear} himself at the feet of Dona Maria, and hid his face {face [feɪs] cara, rostro, fachada, (de un reloj) esfera, dignidad, mirar hacia, afrontar, (orientación) dar a, estar enfrente de, frente a} in his hands. She beheld {behold [bɪ'həʊld] (liter) contemplar} in him the gallant Abadil, whom she had once welcomed with his bride to her castle; but who now came with the body of her lord, whom he had unknowingly slain {slay ['sleɪ] matar, asesinar} in battle I
The sepulchre erected in the cloisters of the convent of San Domingo, was achieved at the expense of the Moor {moor [mʊəʳ] páramo, moro, (Náut) amarrar} Abadil, as a feeble {feeble ['fɪ:bəl] débil, enclenque, flojo} testimony of his grief {grief [grɪ:f] dolor, pena} for the death of the good knight Don Munio, and his reverence for his memory. The tender and faithful {faithful ['feɪɵfʊl] fiel} Dona Maria soon followed her lord to the tomb. On one of the stones of a small arch, beside his sepulchre, is the following simple inscription: "Hic jacet Maria Palacin, uxor Munonis Sancij De Finojosa": "Here lies Maria Palacin, wife of Munio Sancho de Hinojosa."
The legend of Don Munio Sancho does not conclude with his death. On the same day on which the battle took place on the plain of Salmanara, a chaplain of the Holy Temple at Jerusalem, while standing at the outer gate, beheld {behold [bɪ'həʊld] (liter) contemplar} a train of Christian cavaliers advancing, as if in pilgrimage. The chaplain was a native of Spain, and as the pilgrims approached {approach [ə'prəʊtʃ] acercamiento, acceso, enfoque, propuesta, acercarse, abordar, dirigirse a} , he knew the foremost {foremost ['fɔ:məʊst] principal, más destacado} to be Don Munio Sancho de Hinojosa, with whom he had been well acquainted in former times. Hastening {hasten ['heɪsən] apresurarse} to the patriarch, he told him of the honorable rank {rank [ræ ɳk] (Mil) grado, rango, fila, hilera, línea, clasificar, ordenar, (nivel) estar, figurar, (pey) (injusticia, principiante) absoluto, (planta) demasiado exuberante, fétido} of the pilgrims at the gate. The patriarch, therefore {therefore ['ðerfɔ:r]['ðeəfɔ:ʳ] por lo tanto, por consiguiente} , went forth with a grand procession of priests and monks, and received the pilgrims with all due honor. There were seventy cavaliers, beside their leader, all stark {stark [stɑ:k] (casa, decorado) austero, (paisaje) inhóspito, (realidad) duro, crudo} and lofty {lofty ['lɒftɪ] magnánimo, noble, sublime} warriors. They carried their helmets in their hands, and their faces {face [feɪs] cara, rostro, fachada, (de un reloj) esfera, dignidad, mirar hacia, afrontar, (orientación) dar a, estar enfrente de, frente a} were deadly pale. They greeted no one, nor looked either to the right or to the left, but entered the chapel, and kneeling before the sepulchre of our Saviour {saviour ['seɪvjəʳ] salvador} , performed their orisons in silence. When they had concluded, they rose as if to depart {depart [dɪ'pɑ:t] marcharse, irse, salir, desviarse} , and the patriarch and his attendants advanced to speak to them, but they were no more to be seen. Every one marvelled what could be the meaning of this prodigy. The patriarch carefully noted down the day, and sent to Castile to learn tidings of Don Munio Sancho de Hinojosa. He received for reply, that on the very day specified, that worthy knight, with seventy of his followers, had been slain {slay ['sleɪ] matar, asesinar} in battle. These, therefore {therefore ['ðerfɔ:r]['ðeəfɔ:ʳ] por lo tanto, por consiguiente} , must have been the blessed spirits of those Christian warriors, come to fulfil {fulfil [fʊl'fɪl] realizar, satisfacer, cumplir} their vow {vow [vaʊ] voto, jurar} of pilgrimage to the Holy Sepulchre at Jerusalem. Such was Castilian faith {faith [feɪɵ] confianza, fe} , in the olden time, which kept its word, even beyond the grave.
If any one should doubt of the miraculous apparition of these phantom knights, let him consult the History of the Kings of Castile and Leon, by the learned and pious {pious ['paɪəs] piadoso, (pey) beato} Fray {fray [freɪ] (tela, cuerda) deshilacharse, (nervios) crisparse} Prudencio de Sandoval, bishop of Pamplona, where he will find it recorded in the History of King Don Alonzo VI, on the hundred and second page. It is too precious a legend, to be lightly abandoned to the doubter.